The UAE is advancing research into quantum communications as it explores new approaches to protecting sensitive information against future cybersecurity risks. Dr Sana Amairi Pyka, Lead Scientist for Quantum Communications at Technology Innovation Institute (TII), is leading the Abu Dhabi Quantum Optical Ground Station project, which aims to use quantum physics principles to strengthen secure communications and position the UAE as a contributor to space based cybersecurity technologies. The initiative focuses on developing systems capable of protecting private data from emerging threats, including potential attacks from future quantum computers, while exploring how satellite based communication networks can support secure data exchange over long distances.
Unlike traditional computers that process information using bits represented as either zero or one, quantum computers use qubits that can represent multiple states simultaneously. This capability allows quantum systems to perform certain calculations at significantly higher speeds compared with conventional computing approaches. Amairi Pyka has highlighted that quantum technology is not limited to highly specialised research environments and can eventually become practical for organisations seeking stronger security solutions. “Quantum isn’t black magic,” she said, explaining that organisations do not necessarily need to be quantum physics experts to deploy quantum based technologies. During a visit to TII’s quantum facilities in Abu Dhabi, researchers were also working on superconducting processors and testing sensors designed for navigation without relying on GPS. TII’s quantum communications programme is moving toward commercial applications, with researchers developing quantum key distribution (QKD) devices used in quantum cryptography and testing a proof of concept network in Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM).
The development of quantum secure communication is based on addressing limitations in current encryption methods. Most secure online communications today rely on conventional public key cryptography systems, including RSA, which use mathematical problems to establish secure keys and authenticate users. While these systems remain widely used, concerns are increasing that advanced quantum computers could eventually challenge some existing encryption methods. Post quantum cryptography (PQC) is being developed as one approach to address these future risks by using mathematical algorithms designed to resist quantum based attacks. Quantum key distribution follows a different model by generating encryption keys through the behaviour of quantum particles rather than relying solely on mathematical complexity. TII’s research focuses on using entangled pairs of light particles, known as photons, to create secure keys. If an attempt is made to intercept these particles, the quantum state changes and creates detectable errors, allowing organisations to identify potential interference.
The UAE is also working toward broader adoption of quantum secure technologies across critical sectors. A coordinated transition toward post quantum security is being explored for public and private sector organisations, with businesses testing how quantum generated keys can protect communications and sensitive information. TII’s ADGM pilot project demonstrated how quantum generated keys can secure private networks between Hub71’s technology ecosystem and ADGM Academy, supporting applications such as video communication, file transfers and stored data protection. Once generated, quantum keys can potentially be integrated into existing systems used by financial institutions, telecommunications companies and other organisations managing sensitive information. On the hardware and infrastructure side, TII has signed an agreement with Space42 to develop and deploy the UAE’s first space to ground quantum communications network, combining satellite based and terrestrial systems. Through these initiatives, the UAE is building capabilities in quantum communication technology while preparing for future cybersecurity challenges associated with advances in computing.
Follow the SPIN IDG WhatsApp Channel for updates across the Smart Pakistan Insights Network covering all of Pakistan’s technology ecosystem.
