Technological evolution is reshaping economies, governance, and daily life, while exposing societies to increasingly complex digital risks. Lithuania, which relies on secure systems for e-signatures, digital health records, and public services, has responded with a government-funded national initiative coordinated by Innovation Agency Lithuania to strengthen e-security and digital resilience. Universities and industry experts are collaborating to translate scientific research into practical, high-value cybersecurity solutions. Several innovations are already being tested in operational environments, including public institutions and critical infrastructure operators, providing early insights into effectiveness and scalability.
Among the strategic national missions, Safe and Inclusive E-Society stands out for its focus on citizen protection and cyber resilience. Coordinated by Kaunas University of Technology, the mission brings together Vilnius Tech, Mykolas Romeris University, and cybersecurity companies including NRD Cyber Security, Elsis PRO, Transcendent Group Baltics, and Baltic Institute of Advanced Technology. The project targets everyday users of public and private e-services and includes developing AI-driven defenses for FinTech companies, threat-detection sensors for industrial infrastructure, and hybrid threat management systems for public safety, education, and business environments. Research also addresses disinformation, automated cyber threat intelligence, and real-time anomaly detection.
Generative Artificial Intelligence and Large Language Models have transformed the nature of cybercrime, particularly in e-government and financial systems. According to Dr. Rasa Brūzgienė, Associate Professor at Kaunas University of Technology, GenAI allows fraudsters to create realistic, personalized messages that evade pattern-based detection. AI tools can produce multilingual phishing emails, fake documents, deepfake videos, and cloned voices, all orchestrated through automated processes that bypass both human and automated verification. The accessibility of tools such as GPT-4, Claude, Stable Diffusion, DeepFaceLab, ElevenLabs, and VALL-E has made such attacks scalable and highly sophisticated, enabling operators to create interconnected fake identities for financial or digital service exploitation.
Adaptive AI-driven social engineering represents a further escalation, using LLMs to tailor messages to individual victims in real time. Bots perform automated reconnaissance and adjust tone and channel based on responses, while deepfake and TTS technologies replicate familiar voices to increase credibility. Lithuania’s advanced e-government architecture and centralized electronic identity system are key targets, yet these frameworks also support rapid integration of AI defenses. The National Cyber Security Centre has incorporated AI into monitoring and anomaly detection, significantly reducing ransomware incidents. Collaboration with NATO, ENISA, and EU partners further strengthens hybrid defense capacities, while initiatives under Safe and Inclusive E-Society empower citizens to engage with digital services confidently, demonstrating how science, business, and policy are converging to enhance national cybersecurity.
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